![]() He also established that weekly markets may be held on Wednesdays and Saturdays. In 1204 King John granted Charter to the Borough which permitted an annual eight-day fair, commencing on 14 August, the vigil of the Feast of the Assumption of Our Lady (15 August), in which "all might enjoy the liberties and quittances customary in the fair at Winchester". ![]() Marlborough Market in the High Street High Street c. King John was married here and spent time in Marlborough, where he established a Treasury. His son, Richard I ("Coeur de Lion") gave the castle to his brother John, in 1186. Henry II stayed at Marlborough castle in talks with the King of Scotland. He also established the neighbouring Savernake Forest as a favourite royal hunting ground and Marlborough castle became a Royal residence. The coins display the name of the town as Maerlebi or Maerleber. William also established a mint in Marlborough, which coined the William I and the early William II silver pennies. The first written record of Marlborough dates from the Domesday Book in 1086. Stone was used to strengthen the castle in around 1175. In 1067 William the Conqueror assumed control of the Marlborough area and set about building a wooden motte-and-bailey castle, sited on the prehistoric mound. A later Saxon settlement grew up around The Green and two early river crossings were made at Isbury Lane and Stonebridge Lane. Roman remains and the large Mildenhall Hoard of coins have been found two miles to the east of Marlborough, at Mildenhall (Cunetio). ![]() The town's motto is Ubi nunc sapientis ossa Merlini ("Where now are the bones of wise Merlin").įurther evidence of human occupation comes from the discovery in St Margaret's Mead of the Marlborough Bucket, an Iron Age burial bucket made of fir wood with three iron hoops, a top bar and two handles it also sports bronze bands decorated with human heads and mythical animals, and is now on display at the Wiltshire Museum in Devizes. On John Speed's map of Wiltshire (1611), the town's name is recorded as Marlinges boroe. However more recent research, from geographer John Everett-Heath, identifies the original Anglo-Saxon place name as Merleberge, with a derivation from either the personal name of Mærle combined with beorg (hill), or meargealla beorg: hill where gentian grows. More plausibly, the town's name possibly derives from the medieval term for chalky ground "marl"-thus, "town on chalk". Legend has it that the Mound is the burial site of Merlin and that the name of the town comes from Merlin's Barrow. It is of similar age to the larger Silbury Hill about 5 miles (8.0 km) west of the town. ![]() Recent radiocarbon dating has found it to date from about 2400 BC. The earliest sign of human habitation is the Marlborough Mound, a 62-foot-high (19 m) prehistoric tumulus in the grounds of Marlborough College. The town is on the River Kennet, 24 miles (39 km) north of Salisbury and 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Swindon. Marlborough ( / ˈ m ɔː l b ər ə/ ⓘ MAWL-bər-ə, / ˈ m ɑːr l-/ MARL-) is a market town and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire on the Old Bath Road, the old main road from London to Bath.
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